Nutritional Supplements - Basic Questions and Answers

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to substituteSupplement Health and Education Act, defining
for the advice of a health-care professional. Thedietary or nutritional supplements as products
dietary supplements you choose may not havetaken by mouth, containing ingredients intended to
been evaluated by the US Food and Drugsupplement the natural diet. These ingredients
Administration (FDA) and their use is not intendedmay include vitamins, minerals, 'botanicals' (plant
to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease orextracts), amino acids or other substances to
health condition.increase the nutrition in the diet. Sellers must not
Can they really do what they claim to do?suggest their products are conventional foods nor
There are two types of evidence gathered in thisthat their products should be a whole meal or diet.
type of research -- experimental and anecdotal."Amino acids" -- Building blocks of protein, the
- 'Anecdotal' are stories from people who use asubstance that makes up a large portion of the
product and get some benefit from that use.human body.
There is a wealth of anecdotal evidence"Antioxidants" -- Substances that block or inhibit
supporting nutritional supplement use.free radicals -- molecules that speed up the aging
- 'Experimental' evidence comes from controlledprocess and contribute to illness.
studies done by professional researchers. The"Minerals" -- Natural, inorganic elements like calcium,
medical community has begun seriousiron, selenium and zinc.
experimental research, but conclusive declarations"Vitamins" -- Natural, organic compounds given
are still some time away.letter designations (A, B1 to B12, C, D, E, K).
Both types of evidence are important to theBoth, in the proper quantities, are essential to
consumer considering nutritional supplements. Evengood health.
natural substances, when taken in improperWhere can I get unbiased information?
quantities, can be harmful and may cause illness,Nutritional supplements information is available
injury or death. The more you know, the betterfrom the Office of Dietary Supplements.
your chances of getting what you need, soAccording to their website, ODS was created
research all information you can find about thewithin the National Institutes of Health 'to
supplements you are considering before starting astrengthen knowledge and understanding of
supplement regimen, and be sure to discuss whatdietary supplements by evaluating scientific
you're taking with your doctor.information, stimulating and supporting research,
Of course, in every industry, some companiesdisseminating results and educating the public.'
cheat -- they sell low-quality or fraudulent product.How do I know if I need a nutritional supplement?
Nutritional supplement manufacturers are notThe ODS website includes a checklist to help you
required to list their ingredients the way foodget ready to discuss nutrition needs with your
makers must, nor do they undergo the stricthealth care provider. Because a wide variety of
oversight that drug makers receive from theproducts are marketed as nutritional dietary
government. As with any product or service, yousupplements, it's important to remember that
usually get what you pay for and cheap nutritionalthese supplements might include vitamins, herbals,
supplements may not be as effective, sominerals, plant extracts or other substances.
purchase health supplements only from reputableAre dietary supplements as safe and effective as
manufacturers and dealers.any other drug?
What are nutrients and nutritional supplements?Dietary supplements are not drugs.
Nutrients are the substances the body needs toDrugs must be proven to be effective against a
function--about 45 different elements andspecific disease or medical condition before they
compounds according to some professionals.can be marketed. If a supplement addresses a
Originally, people got their nutrients from thenutrient deficiency, supports health or reduces the
foods they ate or they went without. Today,risk of a health problem, the manufacturer may
science has a pretty good understanding of whatsay so, but they must include a disclaimer: 'These
these chemicals are, how they work and how tostatements have not been evaluated by the FDA.
synthesize them or extract them from plants,This product is not designed to diagnose, treat or
making them more widely available in support ofcure disease.'
good general health.Are there risks in taking dietary supplements?
Ideally, humans should get all their nutritional needsThere are risks in everything, but we still walk
met on the hoof, so to speak. The health andacross the street and undergo surgery when
wellness industry was created because fewneeded. Nutritional supplements may have
people always eat a well-balanced diet.unwanted or unforeseen side effects, especially if
Supplements are now available as pills, gelcaps,taken before surgery, with other supplements or
softgels, liquids and powders to supplement themedicines or if you have certain health conditions.
nutrients we get from food. Some are designedDiscuss your individual situation, needs and all
to be taken alone, others to be mixed with foodpotential risks with your health care provider.
or drink. There is no scientific evidence that anyMost doctors agree on three essentials for good
one form is more effective than another.health: proper nutrition, regular exercise and a
Exactly what do those weird terms mean?good attitude. Dietary supplements can be a
"DSHEA" -- In 1994, Congress passed the Dietarypositive part of your nutrition program.